Spiritual Guidance: Disciplined raid healing

Every Sunday Spiritual Guidance offers Holy and Discipline priests advice on how to wield the holy light and groove to the disco night. Your hostess Dawn Moore will provide the music.
I decided to take a break from gems this week to discuss a style of priest healing that is becoming popular among raiders: discipline raid healing. Though the concepts behind it are extremely simple to understand and execute, this style of play seems to have slipped under the radar of many players despite its amazing potential. Tag along with me after the jump and I'll fill you in on the basics and benefits of disc raid healing. Holy priests, I'm talking to you, too.
I decided to take a break from gems this week to discuss a style of priest healing that is becoming popular among raiders: discipline raid healing. Though the concepts behind it are extremely simple to understand and execute, this style of play seems to have slipped under the radar of many players despite its amazing potential. Tag along with me after the jump and I'll fill you in on the basics and benefits of disc raid healing. Holy priests, I'm talking to you, too.
Unfortunately for the average discipline priest, there were quick and inappropriate assessments made early in Wrath of the Lich King which tagged discipline as a "tank healing" spec. While I do agree that discipline's burst response and damage mitigation lend themselves extremely well to healing a tank, there is a great deal of potential that will go untapped if a discipline priest never ventures outside of a little bit of cross healing. Take note – discipline priest are single target healers, not tank healers!
Disclaimer: In the hardest of progression content, I do not encourage cross healing! Remember: "Honor and shame from no condition rise; act well your part, there all the honor lies." Alexander Pope, An Essay on Man. Do your job, and trust your fellow healers to do theirs. Staying on your target will make it easier to identify where a healing problem is, and that's the first step to correcting it. If you're in farm content, however, go nuts – actually, go shadow.
So, what is discipline raid healing? Chances are, if you're a discipline priest, you've already found yourself doing it now and again. Remember when you prepared for XT-002 Deconstructor's Tantrums in Ulduar by casting Power Word: Shield on as many people as you could? Or perhaps on the Twin Val'kyr in Trial of the Crusader you bubbled everyone in sight because the raid damage was so high? That's the basics of it, except you do it full time instead of just occasionally.
The effectiveness of discipline raid healing is obvious: prevent the damage from happening and there will be less or nothing to heal. It works best in fights with lots of burst raid damage, where the mitigation can soften the blows, and make everything easier to manage for your healers (Festergut, when he exhales, or Algalon's star explosions - Check out that last link at 4 minutes in, to see disc raid healing in action). This will not only allow everyone more room for error, it will be dramatically easier to execute since it is a form of preemptive healing, instead of reactive healing. It's so easy!
You will also never overheal with a bubble. That doesn't mean you should shield superfluously, though! Every shield that is completely consumed is 100% effective healing, so as long as you have your shield up, you will monopolize the initial healing done on a target that takes damage. Let me say that again, only simpler: You will top healing meters. Not Recount of course, but if you run your logs through a parsing client such as World of Logs you will get something that looks like this.


Now before you guys scream how meters aren't that important, let me say a few things. First of all, being a conventional discipline priest can lead to mental trauma. I'm serious. They're still working on the studies, but experts speculate that 9 out of 10 discipline priests will have an existential crisis before they get to 264 level content. This can lead to serious bouts of holy and or shadow. Circle of Healing binges are the number one leading cause of death for discipline priests.
Okay, I'm not serious, but you have to admit, for a class that has to suck up the whole meter argument, it's pretty cool to see just how capable they are at playing with the druids. That said, let me recite my philosophy on meters: effective healing isn't the same as good healing. The mechanics of certain healing classes allow them to perform the way they do on meters. Meters and logs are tools to assess players, but they are just one dimension of assessment. A clutch tank-saving heal doesn't get counted any more than a heal topping off a hunter pet.
Now lets get back on topic: There is more to disc raid healing than just throwing up Power Word: Shield. Knowing every aspect of a boss encounter is absolutely key to optimizing this style of play (and it's even more essential if you want to work this trick with Rapture into your play style as a raid healer). If you were to throw up a shield on every target in say... Deathbringer Saurfang, you'd find that the majority of your bubbles are wasted. Instead, if you shield targets with Boiling Blood or Mark of the Fallen Champion, or that stupid druid that won't kite or use Barkskin when he pulls healing aggro every time Blood Beasts spawn (you know the guy), you'll find your contribution is quite effective. So make sure you research your fights and download boss timers if you have trouble reading that orange RP text that periodically shows up on your screen.
Of course, because of the Weakened Soul debuff, you will find yourself without things to shield at times. So what do you do? Well just as you would as holy or conventional disc, always keep your Prayer of Mending on cool down. Then, depending on the damage, you can either dish out Renews for more preemptive healing or help spot heal any targets whose health bars are straggling with a tick or two of Penance, and hopefully a proc from Divine Aegis. Just remember that you're supposed to be shielding the raid, not spot healing people who need topping off. If you continuously break from keeping your bubbles and Renews up, you're not really keeping to your task. Raid healers are better equipped to deal with those bits of damage, so let them. You can spend that extra time setting up for the next wave of damage. 25 GCDs is a lot to go through.
In adopting this play style of watching the raid, you may be tempted to use your AoE heals. I strongly suggest against this. Remember that one of discipline's beauties is its mobility and fast response time - Prayer of Healing is the exact opposite. If you absolutely feel Prayer of Healing is essential, try to combine it with Power Infusion and then Inner Focus, to cut down on the mana cost and cast time. It's better to just stick to the shielding and Renew, though.
As for talents and gear, there really isn't anything special that needs to be done. The standard cookie cutter discipline build works just fine. If you anticipate going raid heals full time, stack spell power gems in every single slot, so you can get as much bonus absorption granted to your Power Word: Shield as possible. If you have mana problems try using the trick with Rapture I linked earlier, and make sure you're using your regen cool downs as effectively as you can.
Before I wrap this up I want to make a final addition about courtesy: I don't believe there is any problem with running two discipline priests, but communication is key. Borrowed Time and Rapture are both very important talents for a discipline priest to be allowed to use, and you shouldn't deny another priest the chance to utilize them. If you're raid healing as disc while running with a tank healing disc priest, make sure you talk to him so you'll know who not to shield. In general, never shield the tanks or the other disc priest, unless she specifically says that that's okay before the fight. While you're at it, double check with your holy priest as well - He might be intending to use Body and Soul to buy himself more time between movements.
Good luck with trying out this play style. As simple as it is, it does require some 'sticking to it' to be effective. Disc raid healing will be extremely advantageous for success in future progression, and if you are disciplined in your approach, you will reap the benefits.
Filed under: Priest, (Priest) Spiritual Guidance
Patch 5.3 interview with Ghostcrawler
Mystery of the Unborn Val'kyr
The latest patch 5.3 news
All of the latest Mists of Pandaria news





Reader Comments (Page 3 of 4)
Rockstaert Jan 18th 2010 6:26AM
I got it linked to right-click of my mouse. It is the most intensively used bottom on my mouse (followed by flash heal (left) and Pew-Pew (middle))
Fung Jan 17th 2010 10:42PM
a raidmember finally set up worldoflogs just recently and i finally got to parse all through it for my own disc priest's icc25 run. i was thrilled to see myself at the top of all the fights i knew (full disclosure against 'cool story bros': but i wasn't on the fights i was still learning) it's also validating to see that my logparses match those screenshots for the most part, in terms of spells used.
then just yesterday, the day after doing that, i ran in a gdkp toc25 for some spare cash as a carry healer, and some druid is complaining that only 2 ppl (not incl me) are anywhere reasonable on the healing meters (fine with me, ppl weren't dying, i'm there to carry ppl that want to buy gear anyway). after a couple bosses of suffering it quietly i'm finally "get an absorbs meter and stfu about heals". at the end lead's like "man, that was smoother than usual, and oh ya btw disc was top heals". woot more validation. so ya i'm pretty fine with it as it is, some people know its value and others don't, which ends up being a fair way to gauge who you're dealing with.
there's so much i agree with in this post, but analytical as i am, here are a few things i'd contest:
>"In the hardest of progression content, I do not encourage cross healing!"
99.9% true, but i'd throw in, if ANYone is to be left as the free-agent to back up either the tank or raid heals, we're best equipped. whether tank or aoe heals got bonespiked by marrowgar, we can react fast and well to cover the slack.
>"you may be tempted to use your AoE heals. I strongly suggest against this."
i completely disagree re: POH. certainly on the lower end of cast%, but definitely a useful tool. not to be spammed, but i still glyph for it over a mana reduction in flash heal, and i enjoyed the tier bonus when i had it. i LOVE to time a poh to land immediately after a decimate on the healer group so they can go about their business on the rest of the raid less panicked. during a tympanic tantrum i'd frequently pair shielding the lowest person in the raid w/ (thus hasting the) POH, and repeat. if the other heals are slack that might mean as many as 3 shield-poh's, or as few as one. we're not mana efficient enough to be aoe heals for a length of time, but for short durations we certainly have the mana to spare; i'm not running out, though i'd never cast it unless i expect just about 0 overheal. and of course power infused divine hymns w/ all our crit are our meter-padding once-per-encounter reset button ^_^n that's why i love 10man festergut so much: i feel we really shine switching from full aoe mode shieldspam and poh to full single target pennance flash heal and pain suppression.
Cthulu Jan 18th 2010 12:16AM
The one thing I disagree with is using inner focus for prayer..while it does optimize it..innerfocus is truly the most powerful combination with divine hymn. Prayer of healing is best always cast after a shield so you do get the borrowed time haste on it. The prayer can also proc DA so it has an extra component. I tend to use power infusion for dps and not waste it on myself since the extra haste is mostly waste if you are bubble spamming since BT will be up. If you are a true bubble spammer/raid healer then spellpower is the best stat for you once you have enough haste to be soft capped with BT up. Much better article than last week but still lacking substance as to how to adapt the style to current content.
mjrlynch Jan 18th 2010 1:53AM
The the original poster.
Stacking SP gems is wrong. You get more mana every time you shield with PW:S. Stack Intellect, every High end Disc Priest knows this. Spell Power is a waste to us, since we are shielding most of the time.
As Disc your job is the tank, raid healing leave it up to a Druid or Shammy or even a Holy Priest. You can Shield the raid if someone is getting aggro or taking damage (like Blood Boil) but overall it is a waste. Just remember that PW:S eats up about 400 mana, per use (I'm not sure), and the more Intellect you have the more mana you get back thanks to the Rupture talent. I have close to 3000 Intellect buffed, and I get back close to 1400 - 1600 mana per shield running off either being fully absorbed or dispelled.
As a tip for all future Disc Priests. Rupture is the talent that you are mostly dependent it on.
Also PoH is a good heal, it casts faster than Holy and procs Divine Aegis. So high amounts of crit as well. A lot of this information you can find on discpriest.com.
Kylenne Jan 18th 2010 3:07AM
Forgive me if I'm wrong, as I am still new to Disc (my priest alt is only just hitting OL) but how is Spellpower a waste when bubbles benefit from it thanks to Borrowed Time? I'm no theorycrafter since math gives me hives (lol English major) but simple logic would suggest that once your mana issues are nil, gemming for throughput is best because it makes your bubbles stronger, thus requiring less mana usage. At least this is what all the copious research I've done suggests. I'm curious as to what the rationale is for gemming for int at all costs.
Gothia Jan 18th 2010 4:43AM
According to elitistjerks - unfortunate name, but one of the top sites for spec/gear
Discipline priests should gem differently, however. Once you feel like your mana pool isn't going anywhere it is time to stack spellpower. Gem for it in every slot you can (or in yellows put 12 spellpower and 10 int/crit). Blue and Red slots should be 23 spellpower though, this will ensure the highest possible shield absorbs.
I rarely have mana issues as Disc and bigger shields are better.
Chris Anthony Jan 18th 2010 10:06AM
Two quick tips:
"Rupture" is a rogue ability, to which Discipline priests don't have access. The talent you're thinking of is Rapture.
To be honest, it really looks like you're making up numbers here. You posted a WOL parse which shows that you are, at least, running 10-man Icecrown - and having trouble with Rotface, I'm sorry to see that - but the numbers you're claiming are strange at the very least.
If you were only getting 280 mana off Rapture, you were running with 11-12k mana, or <500 Intellect. (Rapture returns 2.5% of your total mana.) Of course you wanted to go for more Intellect - you barely had any at all. By the same logic, if you're now getting 1400 mana back from Rapture, you've got 56,000 base mana, which I find equally unlikely. (You mention that you're pushing 3000 Int. A quick glance at your Armory profile - I won't link it here, but it's readily available if you're willing to do some looking - indicates that you have 1689 Intellect unbuffed in your Discipline spec and gear. No raid buffs that I know of will give you another 1300 Intellect, but that aside, you're probably getting 750-800 mana when Rapture goes off.)
As for the size of the shields, 20-30k seems pretty unlikely. The top rank of PW:S shields for 2230 damage and has an 80.68% spell power coefficient (that is, multiply your spell power by 0.8068 to determine how much extra damage PW:S will shield). You have both Twin Disciplines and Improved PW:S, which adds 20% to your shield (or 20.75% if they're multiplicative; I'm not sure). You'd need more than 17,000 spell power to produce even a 20k shield. (In the WOL parse, your average shield blocked around 3156.5 damage, but that's counting shields that were cast but expired without blocking ANY damage, so there's no way to tell from that. However, you've got about 2340 spell power, so your average shield is probably a little under 5k.)
The truth of the matter is that you shouldn't be basing your gearing decisions around a single talent, especially when that talent only procs once every 12 seconds at most. Rapture is a great talent, but it simply isn't good enough to overwhelm the need for spell power. Discipline priests should be gemming spell power > intellect, unless your mana pool is so low that I'm forced to wonder how you were getting into raids in the first place, in which case, yes, go after some Intellect. If discpriest.com claims otherwise, they have some serious issues with priority.
Chris Anthony Jan 18th 2010 1:00PM
Addendum: forgot that Borrowed Time adds a percentage of spell power to the amount PW:S absorbs. That adds less than 1k absorption at 2340 spell power, though, so it still doesn't account for the wildly inflated shielding estimates in the original post.
mjrlynch Jan 18th 2010 3:21AM
Hi Kylenne,
Throughtput is a stat that you can get off gear. Unbuffed I have close to 2300 SP. While not the most, my shield's absorb a good 20-30k damage depending on who I put it on. I know the tanks will eat it up, but that is why you have Penance, and a very fast Flash Heal (.8 sec with 400 Haste and Power Infusion).
In the long run you want mana. Trust me I was like you and I gemmed for SP. Then I notice on fights in ICC my mana was going down quick because my Rapture would only give me about 280 mana back, so I got no profit. Once I started gemming for Intellect I got 1400 mana back. Nice trade off I would say.
Once you see ICC content you will see that gemming for Intellect always is a good thing. Spell Power you can get from a totem, or any other buff from the raid. In a Raid I have close to 3500 SP and even more when my trinkets activate.
If you want me to I can post you a recent log from my guild's ICC 10 run that we did on Friday if you want to compare. I was Disc for that night.
mjrlynch Jan 18th 2010 3:24AM
Here is the log report for ICC 10 on Friday.
http://www.worldoflogs.com/reports/xk8bvjy0khtvsmj8/
Adeany Jan 18th 2010 11:25AM
Well it looks like you have 9 intellect gems, giving you an extra 180 intellect or 1800 mana. Blessing of Kings will bring that to just shy of 2000. 2.5% of 2000 is 50, meaning that rapture only returns 50 more mana per shield absorbed, which is a far cry from the 1120 mana per shield increase that you stated.
Instead of gemming for intellect and sacrificing 200 spellpower, it would have made more sense to simply swap out your meta. Priests are not paladins. Stop gemming for intellect.
Disc doesn't need that much mana. What are you doing that is causing your mana to drop to the point where you need to regem, when you're using two regen trinkets? This honestly just makes very little sense.
netty Jan 18th 2010 5:22AM
Intellect is the way to go if you struggle with regen, but past that point SP is the best gemming, as it's the only gem stat that affects shields. If regen becomes an issue again in the later fights (Dreamweaver, particularly), I'll regem for Int, but at the moment they are all short enough that I'm finding 1720 enough (gives me a shade under 30k mana unbuffed).
I'm still liking haste as a stat well past the soft cap, mostly because I believe there are valuable things that don't model well in the theorycraft. I have over 20% passive haste (without borrowed time). If I was playing the game "doing maths on paper" all this would be wasted, but as it happens I play a game where having superfast Penance, or PoH, or even a PI'd BT'd Divine Hymn does make a difference, as sometimes a haste-cap that only takes the GCD into acount can leave bigger heals too sluggish to make the kind of "saves" that Disc is all about.
John Jan 18th 2010 8:41AM
Don't get me wrong, my specs are disc/holy. I certainly do not advocate holy as being the only viable raid spec for healer priests.
Both people who post disagreements say they use either disc to complement a holy pally in 25-man or that disc can be an MT healer in 10-man.
I agree with those people. I also agree with this article in that disc can work well as raid heals. I look over world of logs parses and in raids with aoe dmg (Twin Valk, Festergut) I do well as raid heal / assist on tank, and the way shields help avoid blood power points for Saurfang is very nice also.
By the way - get the recount-guessed absorbs addon for recount and it does a decent job of estimating PW;S and aegis effectiveness.
I do every 5-man random as disc because I never have to drink since it's so mana-efficient compared to holy and since PW:S & 1.2 second flash & penance are so much easier to use to keep crazy people in randoms out of trouble. Some prot pallies are the only people who complain (we all know why). So I use less PW:S on them or ask them to chain pull so they keep divine plea up, most of the time they know what I mean. It is also fun putting power infusion on an unsuspecting warlock and seeing if I can keep him alive if (when) he pulls aggro.
My point boils down to two questions:
Have you tried to do 25-man ToGC or Festergut with no holy pallies?
And the follow-on is what I speculated about:
If you were in a 25-man in Cataclysm with no holy pallies, do you think the increased stamina we're promised (on a pony) will enable your raid to go without a holy pally as tank healer?
~o[:{D>
(smiling mohammed bomb-hat cartoon)
ZMES_Matt Jan 18th 2010 9:23AM
Actually, I find Prayer of Healing to be an immensly usefull spell if you time it properly. Much like the premptive healing that we do, after you've shielded several targets, take notice of that boss timer and once the count down of AoE damage is down to ~2 seconds you can start your cast, and the moment damage goes out your PoH is right behind it almost instantly. This does take some practice to make sure your PoH doesn't go off before the damage goes out, but once you have it down PoH is a highly mana efficient spell, especially if you're glyphed for it.
bakatsuji Jan 18th 2010 9:51AM
go go battle priests unite!
Samantha Smith Jan 18th 2010 9:55AM
im 50/50 on this article.
The fact is there are alot of talents in the dicipline tree that really make tank healing ideal, but whats grreat about all your shields is you have a buffer when healing tank and thus can send out shields and flash heals to rain members in trouble. Advising against cross healing is like asking ppl to die. maybe the holy pally shouldent stop spamming but a disc preist who stays on one target and one target only would have alot of spare time (and mana) that would go to waste
I am usually always on tank (with spot shields/renews/penance) going around. I always keep Prayer of Mending on the tank as a buffer ever time the CD is up. Also renew even though im not specced into it, and a shield. Ive been fiddling with trying to proc a DA through my greater heal instead of flash (even tho I am specced into flash) so it will be bigger and so then I will have more time doling out shields to those who are targeted with anything that ticks damage, squishies and those who like to stand in fire.
Also, I think advising ppl to waste their PI on themselves when casting Prayer of Healing is BAD. It costs alot of damage, yea but I have no problem with mana, and usually end an encounter pretty full (unless of course im shielding alot, like you advise /shame) and that PI would be a really great boost to say a mage during herosim.
Also, if your on the raid and only casting PW:S your letting your DA abilities really go to waste. And you got beat by trees in those picks brother, i eat trees for breakfast on the meters (overall, though some encounters they do smoke me) To be the kind of disc priest you advise I would really recommend more of a hyrbid spec, without going too deep into the trees in either disc or holy because you wont be using any of the spells that make those specs uber.
Of course, as with most healing, if you have no skill your going to bad no matter what you do. :)
Chris Anthony Jan 18th 2010 1:40PM
Samantha, Dawn does not advise against cross-healing in general; she advises against cross-healing in the hardest progression content. In that case she is absolutely correct. If you are assigned to a healing task, you stay on that healing task. Yes, that means there will be times when you're doing nothing. THAT'S OKAY. If you're cross-healing when you shouldn't be, that means that when you're in the middle of casting Flash Heal on a random DPS and your assigned target takes a 30k damage spike, you're the one at fault when he dies. No cross-healing means faster reaction times on your assigned target, and that's a good thing.
There's another argument against cross-healing when you're supposed to be focus-healing: if your raid healers aren't doing their jobs, the healing lead needs to know about it. It's admirable to want to pick up the slack, especially if you have spare GCDs burning holes in your pockets, but your healing lead needs to know where the slack is.
The idea behind using Power Infusion before casting Prayer of Healing is that it reduces the cast time by a further 20%. The mana cost reduction is really insignificant. A priest with Power Infusion and GCD-capped haste can get nine Prayers of Healing cast in the 15 seconds Power Infusion is up, and that can be important in situations where the entire raid is taking damage (XT and Hodir hard mode come to mind).
Please don't spam Greater Heal to try to get bigger DAs. It's counterproductive; the extra time you'd get from the larger DA is offset by the much larger cast time of Greater Heal. The appropriate way to think about Divine Aegis is as a pleasant side effect of your healing, not as a basic tool. We already have a basic tool that creates a damage-absorption effect. DA is a bonus. (In that sense I'm kind of sad that DA now shields based on total healing rather than effective healing; the current state encourages Disc priest to spam heals like this in an attempt to get big Divine Aegis procs, instead of actually putting some thought into their healing.)
As for a hybrid spec - it just doesn't work. Borrowed Time is required to make a shielding-heavy playstyle work well, so you need at least 50 points in Discipline anyway. Since you're not giving up direct healing entirely with that playstyle, and since the heal from Glyph of PW:S can proc Divine Aegis, there's no point in dropping that talent. So any "hybrid" spec would be 50/21/0 at best, which is hardly hybrid. It might be useful for Spirit of Redemption - but then, ideally, you're not dying anyway.
(As for being outhealed by druids - given that it was by less than 500 HPS, and given that the vast majority of Dawn's "healing" came from mitigation, I don't see any trouble there.)
(Oh, and perhaps you should check the gender of the author before calling her "brother".)
Dawn Moore Jan 18th 2010 3:03PM
Thanks for elaborating on what I said Chris.
It should be noted that I am not the disc priest listed in those meters though - the disc priest there is a friend of mine.
I would have liked to post my own meters so you guys could look at my numbers, of course, but unfortunately I am a trial in my present guild, and showing meters from the alt runs that I play in (where I tend to top meters regardless of whether I'm raid healing or tank healing) was the worst way to represent the information I was talking about. In the future, you can presume any meters I post are my own, but for the next month I anticipate seeing very skewed logs. That said, the origin of the meters has no relevance to the information presented on them. The disc priest, druids, and all the other healers on that meter are top notch.
One thing Samantha said, that Chris didn't respond to, did concern me though. You mentioned using your Power Infusion on a mage during Heroism. Just so you know, Power Infusion does not stack with Heroism/Bloodlust, so to use it during a Heroism is a waste. Additionally, PI doesn't stack with a mage's Icy Veins or Arcane Power, so be careful when you use it so it isn't wasted. I do agree with you that using a PI on a DPS is a great way to help the raid, but on certain encounters healing takes the center stage. In those encounters (or in a panic moment on any other) a PI on yourself can go a lot further than a little DPS - especially since you know how to best utilize that haste buff, as opposed to a DPS who may or may not be expecting it.
As an example, have you ever used your Divine Hymn to try and save your raid, but still watch 1-3 people go down? Perfect time to use PI! Ever have a tank go down and suddenly your tank is handling the boss and 4 adds at once and he's out of defensive CD? Great time to PI yourself and focus hard heals on the tank while the druids get the dead tank up. There are a lot of creative options you'll have when you open up PI to more than just the DPS, so I encourage you to try them out. Good luck! =)
mjrlynch Jan 18th 2010 9:57AM
All the valid points others are making after my post are valid just wondering why my post basically got grayed out when everybody else is saying the same thing after me.
timmah69timmeh Jan 18th 2010 10:50AM
Samantha Smith, never respond to one of these posts again.
............................................________
....................................,.-‘”...................``~.,
.............................,.-”...................................“-.,
.........................,/...............................................”:,
.....................,?......................................................\,
.................../...........................................................,}
................./......................................................,:`^`..}
.............../...................................................,:”........./
..............?.....__.........................................:`.........../
............./__.(.....“~-,_..............................,:`........../
.........../(_....”~,_........“~,_....................,:`........_/
..........{.._$;_......”=,_.......“-,_.......,.-~-,},.~”;/....}
...........((.....*~_.......”=-._......“;,,./`..../”............../
...,,,___.\`~,......“~.,....................`.....}............../
............(....`=-,,.......`........................(......;_,,-”
............/.`~,......`-...............................\....../\
.............\`~.*-,.....................................|,./.....\,__
,,_..........}.>-._\...................................|..............`=~-,
.....`=~-,_\_......`\,.................................\
...................`=~-,,.\,...............................\
................................`:,,...........................`\..............__
.....................................`=-,...................,%`>--==``
........................................_\..........._,-%.......`\
...................................,